UGC NET November 2017 Paper 2 LIS (41-50)

1. Assertion (A) : It is not economical to store and read video data from secondary storage devices.
Reason (R) : Video data require enormous disk storage as image compression ratio is high.
(A) is true, but (R) is false
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Both (A) and (R) are true.
Both (A) and (R) are false.

2. Assertion (A) : Participatory action research follows the conventional model of pure research in which members of the communities under study are treated as passive subjects.
Reason (R) : In participatory action research no member of the communities under study participate throughout the research process.
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Both (A) and (R) are true.
Both (A) and (R) are false.

3. Assertion (A) : The mean is a measure of dispersion.
Reason (R) : The mean is based on every obervation and is representative of the whole population.
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
Both (A) and (R) are true.
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Both (A) and (R) are false.

4. Assertion (A) : Access to e-collection of a library via Login and password recognition is mostly used than access via IP-address.
Reason (R) : Access via IP-address presents a challenge in controlling the distribution of password to non-affiliates.
(A) is true, and (R) is false
Both (A) and (R) are true
(A) is false and (R) is true
Both (A) and (R) are false

5. Assertion (A) : Interlibrary loan departments in libraries will be affected in positive ways by the development of Massive Digital Libraries.
Reason (R) : Because the increased availability of online resources will considerably reduce the need for sending books through traditional mail resulting in the decrease of the workloads of the inter-library loan departments.
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
Both (A) and (R) are true.
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Both (A) and (R) are false.

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Read the passage given below and answer the questions based on your understanding of the passage. (Question Nos. 6 - 10). The medical community is not homogeneous. We have a wide range of kinds of work and, hence, we have a wide range of kinds of needs for information. Therefore, solutions for better access by investigators to information that they need might not help practicing physicians at all. Science in medicine and the practice of medicine differ greatly. How they differ was described succinctly by Peter Mere Latham well over a century ago : "Medicine is a strange mixture of speculation and action. We have to cultivate a science and to exercise an art. The calls of science are upon our leisure and our choice; the calls of practice are of daily emergence and necessity". Latham's point is well made, but it is not quite detailed enough for our considerations here. Let me sketch out how the information needs of investigators and physicians differ.
(1) An investigator usually poses one question (or faces one problem) at a time and works on it for a long period. A physician constantly faces a quick succession of problems that call for rapid solutions.
(2) The investigator's problem is usually narrow and readily defined. The problems dealt with by the physician tend to be highly various and fogged by many uncertainties.
(3) An investigator's earnings are not tightly coupled to how he spends time from minute to minute and hour to hour. A physician's earnings are tightly coupled to every day's working hours and how they are spent.
These differences lead to differences in kinds of information needs and searches.
(1) The investigator tends to need an exhaustive search of information sources ("the literature") but at infrequent intervals. The time available for the search is relatively large and can be carried out at relatively low cost in "purchase" and in "time-cost".
(2) The physician needs quick access to valid information of immediate and high utility. The time available for a search is small. The "time-cost" for a search is high. The physician has to work mainly with thoroughly digested concepts and with most of the needed data carried in his head; the brain has a very rapid access time. Additional facts needed for clinical decisions must be accessed very rapidly.
Both investigator and physician occasionally have needs like those of the other. The investigator may need quick access to a small and specific piece of technical information; the physician may be willing occasionally to embark on a broad search to deal with a rare problem. Further, both have ongoing needs for general awareness of new developments that may come eventually to have high utility.
These differences seem to me to determine how investigators and physicians use or do not use various kinds of information materials and sources.
Investigators tend to use reports of specific and individual research efforts-journal articles. They tend to carry out searches themselves or to assign them to close professional associates. They have time to assess and to digest individual papers. Synoptic information, such as that in review articles, is used mainly for orientation to a new problem.

6. How do Peter Mere Latham differentiate calls of 'Science' (in Medicine) from that of the 'practice' (of medicine) ?
The calls of science are upon one's leisure and choice, where as the calls of practice are of daily emergence.
'Medicine' is a non exotic mixture of certainty, while practice of medicine is an infrequent phenomenon.
Science is not a study of the natural world, where as practice is based on facts learned through a formal study.
Science is not a method of reconciling practical ends with scientific laws, where as 'practice' do not allow repeated exercise to make one proficient.

7. How Lathams differentiates the information needs of Investigators from that of Physicians.
An Investigator unconventionally faces with multiple problems at a single point of time and works on it for a long period, while a physician constantly faces slow-witted succession of problems that hardly warrant rapid solution.
An investigator ordinarily faces one question/problem at a time which is usually narrow and rapidly defined, while a physician constantly faces a quick succession of varied problems fogged by many uncertainties.
Earnings of an Investigator are strictly coupled to how he spends time from minute to minute, whereas a Physician’s earnings are not tightly coupled to every day working hours.
Information needs of Investigators are solely academic, where as the needs of Physicians are both academic and utilitarian.

8. Who tends to need quick access to valid Information of immediate and high quality ?
An Investigator
A Screwball
A Physician
A Teacher

9. Why 'time cost' for a search made by a Physician is higher ?
Slow access to invalid Information.
Access to information that are distant in need and of less utility.
Exhaustive search of information sources.
Rapid access to high quality information needed for clinical decision.

10. Why the Investigators tend to carryout searches themselves ?
They have time to assess and digest individual papers.
They are unaware of appropriate information sources.
They have no access to information/literature they need.
They cannot afford time to search, identify, and digest the articles of high quality.